[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.rotera.cz\/bezpecnost-jadernych-elektraren-a-nakladani-s-vyhorelym-palivem\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.rotera.cz\/bezpecnost-jadernych-elektraren-a-nakladani-s-vyhorelym-palivem\/","headline":"Bezpe\u010dnost jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren a nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s vyho\u0159el\u00fdm palivem","name":"Bezpe\u010dnost jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren a nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s vyho\u0159el\u00fdm palivem","description":"Jadern\u00fd reaktor uzav\u0159en\u00fd v\u00a0chladic\u00edm okruhu tlakov\u00e9 vody p\u0159edstavuje nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak elekt\u0159inu vyprodukovat. N\u00e1klady na jadern\u00e9 palivo jsou rozhodn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, budeme-li porovn\u00e1vat mezi sebou elektr\u00e1rny … ","datePublished":"2025-02-28","dateModified":"2023-04-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.rotera.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.rotera.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bbaa4e9a58aac4329fe0ade0f3fb816f09f0dc43c21f6e884dccfbc124b16b29?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bbaa4e9a58aac4329fe0ade0f3fb816f09f0dc43c21f6e884dccfbc124b16b29?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"rotera.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.rotera.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308309_w2090_t1519417197.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.rotera.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a308309_w2090_t1519417197.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.rotera.cz\/bezpecnost-jadernych-elektraren-a-nakladani-s-vyhorelym-palivem\/","wordCount":423,"articleBody":"Jadern\u00fd reaktor uzav\u0159en\u00fd v\u00a0chladic\u00edm okruhu tlakov\u00e9 vody p\u0159edstavuje nejlevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak elekt\u0159inu vyprodukovat. N\u00e1klady na jadern\u00e9 palivo jsou rozhodn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, budeme-li porovn\u00e1vat mezi sebou elektr\u00e1rny jadern\u00e9 a tepeln\u00e9. Levn\u00fd provoz vykazuj\u00ed tak\u00e9 vodn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u0161ak z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde se stav\u00ed, a rozvodnou s\u00ed\u0165 z\u00e1sobuj\u00ed jen, z\u00a0glob\u00e1ln\u00edho pohledu, mal\u00fdm procentem.V\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice jsou v\u00a0provozu dv\u011b jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny. Dukovany a Temel\u00edn. Ob\u011b tato technologicky velmi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed mus\u00ed spl\u0148ovat velmi p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed normy. K\u00a0metodice \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a provozu elektr\u00e1ren p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 tzv. Syst\u00e9m sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a vyhodnocov\u00e1n\u00ed poruch vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd v\u0161emi provozy v\u00a0s\u00edti World Association of Nuclear Operators (WANO). Ob\u011b \u010desk\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u00e9to mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed asociace a zku\u0161enosti z\u00a0ostatn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se u n\u00e1s pochopiteln\u011b aplikuj\u00ed v\u00a0praxi.Dukovansk\u00e1 elektr\u00e1rna vyprodukuje nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed elekt\u0159iny v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice, ro\u010dn\u011b zhruba 14 TWh, co\u017e je ov\u0161em pouze 20 procent celkov\u00e9 spot\u0159eby elekt\u0159iny v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed zemi.\tJak je na tom jadern\u00fd odpad?Vyho\u0159el\u00e9 palivo je odpadem, kter\u00fd ov\u0161em modern\u00ed technologie dok\u00e1\u017eou opakovan\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt pro p\u0159\u00edpravu nov\u00e9ho paliva, nebo nach\u00e1z\u00ed i jin\u00e1 vyu\u017eit\u00ed. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se u n\u00e1s nakl\u00e1d\u00e1 s\u00a0jadern\u00fdm odpadem t\u0159emi zp\u016fsoby: Bu\u010f se tzv. p\u0159ebuduje na nov\u00e9 palivo, nebo se ukl\u00e1d\u00e1 do trval\u00e9ho \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b s\u00a0vhodn\u00fdmi geologick\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b se palivo odkl\u00e1d\u00e1 do doby, kdy bude mo\u017en\u00e9 jej op\u011btovn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edt, a kdy pro p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fd typ vyho\u0159el\u00e9ho paliva budou k\u00a0dispozici vhodn\u00e1 technologick\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed jeho \u201erecyklace\u201c.Vyho\u0159el\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 palivo se dnes prozat\u00edm p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed a vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 tak, \u017ee se op\u011btovn\u011b zhodnot\u00ed z\u00a095%, a je z\u00a0n\u011bj pouze 5% odpadu, kter\u00fd je nutn\u00e9 ukl\u00e1dat. Izotopy prvk\u016f z\u00a0vyho\u0159el\u00e9ho paliva se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u00a0potravin\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu a v\u00a0l\u00e9ka\u0159stv\u00ed. Recyklac\u00ed vyho\u0159el\u00e9ho paliva se ve sv\u011bt\u011b zab\u00fdv\u00e1 prozat\u00edm jen n\u011bkolik firem ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii, ve Francii, v\u00a0Japonsku, v\u00a0\u010c\u00edn\u011b a v\u00a0Rusku. N\u011bkter\u00e9 zem\u011b odv\u00e1\u017e\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st paliva k\u00a0recyklaci pr\u00e1v\u011b do zahrani\u010d\u00ed, tyto postupy b\u011b\u017en\u011b funguj\u00ed v\u00a0Holandsku, v\u00a0Belgii a ve \u0160v\u00fdcarsku.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.5\/5 - (12 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Bezpe\u010dnost jadern\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren a nakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed s vyho\u0159el\u00fdm palivem","item":"https:\/\/www.rotera.cz\/bezpecnost-jadernych-elektraren-a-nakladani-s-vyhorelym-palivem\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]